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Clinical Insights on Complex Fertility

Evidence-based perspectives on unexplained infertility, the reproductive microbiome, and male factor infertility — from a registered naturopath specialising in the fertility cases other practitioners refer on.

Laboratory analysis of a sperm sample beyond standard semen count, motility and morphology
Male Factor

Male Factor Infertility Beyond the Semen Analysis

Standard semen analysis measures count, morphology, and motility. It completely misses the sperm microbiome and DNA fragmentation—factors causing over half of 'unexplained' cases.

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Microscopic view representing the uterine microbiome and its role in implantation
Microbiome

The Reproductive Microbiome: The Forgotten Half of Implantation

The uterus is not a sterile environment. A disruptive uterine microbiome can trigger silent inflammation, turning a theoretically perfect embryo transfer into a recurrent loss.

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Functional fertility testing in a laboratory, investigating causes standard tests miss
Diagnostic Approach

Unexplained Infertility: Why 'Normal' Results Often Mean Incomplete Testing

Standard fertility tests evaluate the basics, but recurrent loss and failed IVF often stem from cellular immunity, reproductive immunology, and toxic load. Here is what functional testing reveals.

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Inna Duckworth

Clinical Naturopathic Practitioner specialising in complex fertility cases, recurrent pregnancy loss, and IVF support in the UK and internationally.

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